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If you have been experiencing heavier periods than usual or bleeding at unexpected times in your cycle, fibroids may be the cause. The short answer is yes, fibroids can cause abnormal bleeding, and this is one of the most commonly reported symptoms among women living with this condition. In fact, heavy or irregular bleeding affects a significant proportion of women who have fibroids, making it one of the key reasons they seek medical advice.

It is important to know that not all abnormal bleeding points to something serious. However, any change in your bleeding pattern is worth discussing with a specialist.

In this article, we explore how fibroids affect bleeding patterns, what is considered normal, and when to seek medical advice.

What Are Fibroids?

Fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. They are made up of muscle and fibrous tissue and can vary considerably in size, from as small as a pea to, in some cases, the size of a peach or a melon. They are extremely common, particularly in women over the age of 30, and many women have them without ever experiencing any symptoms at all.

Fibroids are typically classified according to where they develop in relation to the uterus. Submucosal fibroids grow just beneath the inner lining of the uterus. Intramural fibroids are found within the muscular wall of the uterus itself. Subserosal fibroids develop on the outer surface of the uterus.

Location matters enormously when it comes to symptoms. Submucosal fibroids, for example, are most closely associated with heavy and prolonged bleeding because of their proximity to the uterine lining.

Can Fibroids Cause Bleeding?

Yes, fibroids can disrupt normal bleeding patterns in several ways. They can interfere with how the uterus contracts during menstruation, which can lead to heavier or prolonged bleeding. They may also increase the surface area of the uterine lining, resulting in more blood loss during a period.

In addition, fibroids can affect blood vessels within the uterus, making them more fragile or prone to bleeding. When fibroids distort the shape of the uterine cavity, they can also prevent the lining from shedding evenly, which may contribute to irregular or prolonged bleeding episodes.

These changes can present in different ways, from heavier periods to spotting between cycles, depending on the size and position of the fibroids.

How Fibroids Are Diagnosed

If fibroids are suspected, the diagnostic process is usually straightforward. It typically begins with a consultation, during which your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. This is followed by an ultrasound scan, the most common and accessible way to detect fibroids and assess their size and position. In some cases, an MRI scan may be recommended to provide a more detailed picture, particularly if multiple fibroids are present or if surgical planning is being considered. In our clinic, the ultrasound will be performed by the consultant during the initial consultation and an MRI, if required, can be fast-tracked in our preferred diagnostic centres.

Heavy Periods and Fibroids

One of the most frequently reported symptoms of fibroids is heavy menstrual bleeding. This can manifest in several ways: periods lasting longer than 7 days, passing blood clots larger than usual, or needing to change sanitary products far more frequently than expected. Some women find their bleeding so heavy that it begins to affect their daily activities or sleep.

Submucosal fibroids are most commonly associated with this type of bleeding. Because they sit close to the uterine lining, they can significantly increase the surface area from which bleeding occurs during a period, making it considerably heavier and more prolonged.

Bleeding Between Periods (Intermenstrual Bleeding)

Bleeding that occurs outside of your regular menstrual cycle (known as intermenstrual bleeding) is another symptom that some women with fibroids experience. This can range from light spotting to more noticeable bleeding at unexpected points in the month.

Fibroids may contribute to intermenstrual bleeding by affecting the uterine lining, disrupting the hormonal environment of the uterus, or altering the local blood supply. It is important to note that fibroids are not the only cause of intermenstrual bleeding. Hormonal imbalances, polyps, infections, or other gynaecological conditions can also be responsible, which is why proper assessment is essential.

When Should You See a Specialist?

You should consider seeking medical advice if you are experiencing very heavy bleeding that is difficult to manage, bleeding between your periods, symptoms that suggest anaemia (such as persistent fatigue, breathlessness, or dizziness) or any noticeable change in the pattern or character of your cycle.

It is worth remembering that these concerns are very common, and effective treatments are available. At London Women’s Centre, our specialists have extensive experience in the diagnosis and management of fibroids, and will take the time to understand your symptoms and recommend the most appropriate course of action for you.

Treatment Options for Fibroid-Related Bleeding

There is a range of treatment options available, and the right approach will depend on your individual circumstances, including the size and position of your fibroids, the severity of your symptoms, and your personal preferences.

Non-surgical Options

For many women, non-surgical treatments can make a meaningful difference. Hormonal treatments, such as the hormonal coil or oral medications, can help regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce bleeding volume. Other medications are available specifically to reduce heavy menstrual blood loss. The goal is always to improve your quality of life and bring your symptoms under control.

Minimally Invasive Procedures

When medication alone is insufficient, minimally invasive procedures may be recommended. Hysteroscopy, for example, allows a specialist to examine the inside of the uterus and, in some cases, treat submucosal fibroids directly. These procedures are associated with shorter recovery times and are often performed as day cases.

Surgical Options

In cases where fibroids are causing significant symptoms and other treatments have not been effective, surgery may be considered. A myomectomy involves the surgical removal of fibroids while preserving the uterus, and is an option for women who wish to maintain their fertility.

A hysterectomy, the removal of the uterus, is a definitive solution and is typically considered when other treatments are not appropriate or have been unsuccessful. Your specialist will always discuss all available options with you fully before any decision is made.

Pregnant woman sitting comfortably on a bed, smiling gently while resting her hand on her baby bump in a bright, minimalist bedroom.

Can Fibroid Bleeding Be Managed Effectively?

In the vast majority of cases, yes. With the right diagnosis and a personalised treatment plan, women experience a significant improvement in their symptoms and overall quality of life. The key is to seek advice early and work with a specialist who understands your individual needs and circumstances.

Fibroid Treatment at London Women’s Centre

At London Women’s Centre, we take a patient-focused and supportive approach to fibroid care. We are a leading centre for fibroid care in London. Our specialists understand that symptoms such as heavy or irregular bleeding can affect many aspects of your life, and we are here to help you find clarity and relief.

We offer comprehensive assessment and up-to-date treatments in one place, ensuring that your care is seamless from diagnosis through to management. Our team combines exceptional clinical expertise with a compassionate approach, taking the time to understand your concerns and guide you through your options.

If you have noticed changes in your cycle or are concerned about fibroid-related symptoms, we encourage you to book a consultation. With the right support, these symptoms can be understood, managed, and significantly improved.